1. Why had the tide turned in the Battle of the Atlantic by mid-1943?
The tide turned in the Battle of the Atlantic by mid-1943 because the Americans began to organize their cargo ships into convoys, send destroyers along with the convoys, new technology , and a crash shipbuilding program. By organizing American cargo ships into convoys the Americans were able to better protect their cargo ships by having the ships travel together, ensuring mutual protection. Also by sending destroyers along with the convoys, Americans were able to use the newly developed sonar to detect German U-boats and the arms on the destroyer to destroy the U-boats. The crash shipbuilding program also turned the tide in the Battle of the Atlantic because this program was able to produce 140 ships a month; replacing sunk or damaged ships and increasing the Americans supply of ships.
2. What two key decisions determined the final outcome at Stalingrad?
Two key decisions that determined the final outcome at Stalingrad were Stalin ordering the Soviet troops to continue defending Stalingrad, and Hitler telling the Germans troops to "stay and fight" giving the German troops no hope of relief. Because Stalin order the Soviet troops to continue fighting the Germans, the Soviet troops were able to wait for the advantage that winter would give the Soviets. The Germans, who were unaccustomed to the bitter cold, knew that there was no hope for relief from the terrible cold. And so the Germans eventually surrendered.
3. What was the outcome of the North African campaign?
The outcome of the North African campaign was that the Axis completely surrendered the North African territory to the Allies. Also the fight only lasted for only seven months.
4. What were the results of the Italian campaign?
The results of the Italian campaign were that Mussolini was stripped of his power and arrested, one of the hardest battles of World War II was fought in which 25,000 Allies' soldiers and 30,000 Axis' soldiers died and finally in 1945 the Allies freed Italy.
5. Was the Allied invasion of Europe successful? Explain your answer.
The Allied invasion of Europe was successful. The Allies were able to free France, Belgium, and Luxembourg from German soldiers after only four months. This success gave the Allies more moral and demoralized the Axis.
6. Why was the Battle of the Bulge important?
The Battle of the Bulge was important because the Germans lost so much of their army and arms and the Germans were not about to replace what had been lost. The Germans lost 120,000 troops, 600 tanks and assault guns and 1,600 planes. Without these troops and arms the Germans could do little else but retreat.
7. What the significance of V-E day?
The significance of V-E day was that Germany accepted the unconditional terms of the Allies treaty. The battle for Europe was finally over.
8. Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower?
Dwight D. Eisenhower was the Supreme Commander of the U.S forces. Eisenhower lead two successful attacks; D-Day as well as Operation Torch.
9. Do you agree with the decision made by Roosevelt and Churchill to require unconditional surrender by the Axis powers? Why or why not?
I do not agree with the decision made by Roosevelt and Churchill to require unconditional surrender by the Axis powers. World War II began because of the harsh terms of the Treaty of Versailles, and Roosevelt and Churchill seem to make the same mistake by making the treaty for World War II too harsh. Also, if the treaty had been more lenient World War II may have ended sooner; saving many lives.
Think About:
• the advantages of defeating a foe decisively
• the advantages of ending a war quickly
• how other conflicts, such as the Civil War and World War I, ended
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